Satya's blog - Straightforward git branching workflow
Here's a simple git branching workflow that I like and use. All "production" work is on the master branch. Start a feature, first create a new branch: git checkout -b feature-name Perhaps prefixed or suffixed with a ticket/issue identifier, e.g. axp-1090-add-phone-field Usually useful to push the branch to your git origin (often, GitHub) right away, and have git track the remote. This is done in one command with: git push -u origin HEAD HEAD is a special thingy referring to the commit we're "on" now. Do the work. Maybe multiple commits, maybe some work-in-progress commits. git add git add -p git commit -m "AXP-1090 Add phone field" add with -p makes git prompt for each change. Useful to review the changes and to be selective. Maybe some changes should be in a different commit? The git commit command can open a text editor for the commit message, or you can specify the message as shown here. To re-order commits, use `git rebase -i` which will rebase against the upstream, in this case master. Move the commits as presented in the editor in the order you want. Note that work-in-progress commits can be squashed by changing "pick" to "squash". Each squashed commit will become part of the commit above it. And yes you can squash multiple commits in a row. Solve any conflicts. In the default configuration git should show you lots of help on how. To integrate any changes that have happened in master, every now and then (with a clean branch! see `git status`) do a fetch and rebase (and do one of these when you're ready to merge your changes back to master):
master: M1 -> M2 -> M3
\
your branch: B1 -> B2
git fetch git rebase
master: M1 -> M2 -> M3
\
your branch: B1 -> B2
Beware that if you switch to master (git checkout master) you will still be behind origin/master, and need to do `git rebase` *on master*. When the branch is in a sufficiently clean state, push your work to the remote: git push If you've rebased, you'll need to use `git push -f` i.e. "force-push". And that is why we use branches, and that is why everyone's should be on their own branch. Otherwise, force-pushing will overwrite other people's work on the branch. That is why we never force-push master (except when we do). Use `git status` often, which is why I have a shell alias `gs` for `git status`. And I have `git` itself aliased as `g`, with various git commands shortened in my ~/.gitconfig To merge your changes to master, open a Pull Request on GitHub or, if you're doing it yourself manually, you can merge. First, rebase against master, then switch to master and then merge your branch. git rebase git checkout master git merge axp-1090-add-phone-field git branch -d axp-1090-add-phone-field # optional, delete your branch At this point you should have a clean master that you can push (not force-push) to origin.
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